Poisons That Heal and Foods That Harm
Poisons That Heal In the 1920s, cattle in the US and Canada began dying of internal bleeding after eating moldy sweet clover hay (Melilotus species, particularly Melilotus officinalis or Melilotus alba ). Mold converted natural coumarins in the plant to dicoumarol , which acts as a vitamin K antagonist and prevents blood clotting. Scientists isolated dicoumarol in 1940, and it was developed into early anticoagulant drugs (later leading to warfarin ). Digoxin (or more broadly, digitalis/cardiac glycosides from foxglove, Digitalis purpurea or Digitalis lanata ) is a cardiac glycoside that increases the force of heart contractions and is still used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation. William Withering's 1785 book documented foxglove leaf preparations for treating dropsy (edema from heart failure). Curare refers to plant-derived curare alkaloids such as d-tubocurarine from species like Chondrodendron tomentosum . Indigenous hunters in the Amazon used i...